We often hear the expression konnichiwa and other greetings in Nihongo (Japanese). They are called Aisatsu (あいさつ) which means greetings. Konnichiwa (今日は) literally means "this day" (konnichi) and は (wa) is a particle for subject or subject marker. The same property goes to 今晩は (konbanwa). 今晩 which literally means " this night". These are expressions in Japan and eventually became greetings. On the other hand, good morning has a different story. Although I am not sure as of the origin of the term "おはよう ございます" but I guess that is just how they greet good morning (ohayou gozaimasu) ; the ~masu is pronounced as ~mas with silent "u". The word "Gozaimasu" is an expression of great respect in Japan. It is pretty useful back then but lately the use of such term has diminished in day to day conversation with friends (although useful in formal conversations like meeting new people or higher positions). These are very useful expressions to start a good conversation with the Nihonjins (Japanese) as right greetings are very important for them ( or in any culture for that matter). Always remember to pay respect to people you just met or to those who are higher than you that you wont have to embarrass yourself or give bad impressions.
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